1. A case of tooth #16 presenting with chronic apical periodontitis featuring extensive mesiobuccal root periapical pathology (4-5mm lesion) and draining sinus tract, with evidence of prior incomplete endodontic treatment. (Image 1-4)
2. During the initial appointment, the following treatment was performed: complete revision of the root canal system, removal of existing obturation material, and thorough mechanical instrumentation combined with chemical disinfection. The canals were then temporarily obturated with a calcium hydroxide-based medication for a period of two weeks. (Image 5)
3. By the two-week recall visit, complete closure of the sinus tract was observed, demonstrating favorable resolution of the periradicular inflammation. (Image 6)
4. By the two-week recall visit, complete closure of the sinus tract was observed, demonstrating favorable resolution of the periradicular inflammation. (Image 7,8)
5. By the two-week recall visit, complete closure of the sinus tract was observed, demonstrating favorable resolution of the periradicular inflammation. (Image 9)